WORK ENGAGEMENT AND SELF-EFFICACY AS KEY PREDICTORS OF TEACHER PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH TEACHERS

Lia Nur Atiqoh Bela Dina, Bagus Cahyanto, Elvin Fauziyah Syakila Toha Putri

Abstract


This study examines the structural relationship between work engagement, self-efficacy, and teacher performance among Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers in Malang City. A quantitative explanatory approach with a survey design was employed involving 191 teachers selected through proportional random sampling. The instruments used were the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale, and the Marzano Teacher Evaluation Model. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that work engagement significantly influences both self-efficacy and teacher performance. Self-efficacy also has a significant positive effect on teacher performance and partially mediates the relationship between work engagement and performance. These results highlight the central role of work engagement in enhancing teacher performance both directly and indirectly through self-efficacy. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the structural relationship among work engagement, self-efficacy, and teacher performance in the context of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, emphasizing the importance of strengthening teachers’ psychological resources to improve professional performance.


Keywords


Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers; performance; self-efficacy; work engagement.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Amtu, O., Makulua, K., Matital, J., & Pattiruhu, C. M. (2020). Improving student learning outcomes through school culture, work motivation and teacher performance. International Journal of Instruction, 13(4), 885–902. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13454a

Anning, A. S. (2024). The interconnections between STEM teacher educators ’ self-efficacy , job satisfaction and work engagement in Ghana job satisfaction and work engagement in Ghana. Cogent Education, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2385121

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Uniflying Theory Behavioral Change of. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.

Brown, A. L., Myers, J., & Collins, D. (2021). How pre-service teachers’ sense of teaching efficacy and preparedness to teach impact performance during student teaching. Educational Studies, 47(1), 38–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2019.1651696

Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational Research - Planning, COnducting, And Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research - Fifth Edition. In Pearson Education.

Dai, K., & Wang, Y. (2023). Investigating the interplay of Chinese EFL teachers’ proactive personality, flow, and work engagement. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, February, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2023.2174128

Derakhshan, A., Greenier, V., & Fathi, J. (2023). Exploring the interplay between a loving pedagogy, creativity, and work engagement among EFL/ESL teachers: A multinational study. Current Psychology, 42, 22803–22822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03371-w

Granziera, H., & Parera, H. N. (2019). Relations among teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, engagement, and work satisfaction: A social cognitive view. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 58, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.02.003

Han, Y., & Wang, Y. (2021). Investigating the Correlation Among Chinese EFL Teachers’ Self-efficacy, Work Engagement, and Reflection. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(October), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.763234

Haryono, S., Amrullah, N. I. H., & Surah, S. (2020). The effects of principal leadership and teacher competence on teacher performance: The role of work motivation. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM), 5(4), 9–14.

Heng, Q., & Chu, L. (2023). Self-efficacy, reflection, and resilience as predictors of work engagement among English teachers. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1160681

Henson, R. (2014). Teacher Self-Efficacy : Substantive Implications and Measurement Dilemmas. August 2001.

Huo, W., & Wang, X. (2024). Understanding the influencing factors of foreign language teachers’ work engagement: A meta-analytic structural equation model. Heliyon, 10(14), e34272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34272

Johnson, J. L. (2022). Teacher self-efficacy and teacher work engagement for expats at international K12 schools in China : A correlation analysis. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 100176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100176

Kalinowski, E., Westphal, A., Jurczok, A., & Vock, M. (2024). The essential role of teacher self-efficacy and enthusiasm for differentiated instruction. Teaching and Teacher Education, 148(June), 104663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104663

Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Organizational identification, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(8), 1019–1033. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2013-0359

Kinsey, D., Mikeska, J. N., Howell, H., & Kaur Bharaj, P. (2024). Examining the connection between preservice teachers’ discussion performance in a mixed reality teaching simulation with their self-reported goals and success in facilitating discussions. Computers & Education: X Reality, 5(December 2023), 100071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cexr.2024.100071

Layek, D., & Koodamara, N. K. (2024). Motivation, work experience, and teacher performance: A comparative study. Acta Psychologica, 245(December 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104217

Long, Y., Xia, Y., Cao, F., & Long, Y. (2024). The Influence of Authentic leadership on teacher performance in Guiyang public primary schools. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 83(July), 101400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2024.101400

Luo, Z., & Li, H. (2024). Competence, preparation, and relaxation: Contributing factors to EFL student teachers’ self-efficacy and teaching performance in microteaching training. Heliyon, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26216

Ma, Y. (2023). Boosting teacher work engagement: the mediating role of psychological capital through emotion regulation. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(August), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240943

Marzano, R. (2017). The Marzano Focused Teacher Evaluation Model. March, 25.

Merida-Lopez, S., Extremera, N., & Sanchez-Alvarez, N. (2020). The Interactive Effects of Personal Resources on Teachers ’ Work Engagement and Withdrawal Intentions : A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2170. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072170

Reeve, J., & Cheon, S. H. (2021). Autonomy-supportive teaching: Its malleability, benefits, and potential to improve educational practice. Educational Psychologist, 56(1), 54–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2020.1862657

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471

Siddique, A., Khanum, B., & Haleem, B. (2022). Work Engagement and Job Performance of Teachers : A Correlational Study. Global Educational Studies Review, VII(I), 502–516. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).48

Tesi, A., Baroncelli, A., Facci, C., & Aiello, A. (2025). Fostering Teachers ’ Work Engagement : The Role of Emotional Self-Efficacy Toward One ’ s Own Emotions , Professional Self-Efficacy , and Job Resources. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 15(9), 176. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090176

Tschannen-Moran, M., & Hoy, A. W. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17(7), 783–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(01)00036-1

Unruh, E. (2024). Too much of a good thing? Teacher performance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the ambiguous role of high teacher autonomy. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 7(September 2023), 100353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2024.100353

Wahono, B., Lin, P. L., & Chang, C. Y. (2020). Evidence of STEM enactment effectiveness in Asian student learning outcomes. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00236-1

Wang, W., & Shakibaei, G. (2025). Exploring the correlation between teacher work motivation and engagement in online classes : the mediating role of job satisfaction. BMC Psychology, 13, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02857-z

Zainal, M. A., & Matore, M. E. E. M. (2021). The Influence of Teachers ’ Self-Efficacy and School Leaders ’ Transformational Leadership Practices on Teachers ’ Innovative Behaviour. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126423

Zee, M., & Koomen, H. M. Y. (2016). Teacher Self-Efficacy and Its Effects on Classroom Processes, Student Academic Adjustment, and Teacher Well-Being: A Synthesis of 40 Years of Research. Review of Educational Research, 86(4), 981–1015. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626801

Zhang, L. J., & Fathi, J. (2024). The mediating role of mindfulness and emotion regulation in the relationship between teacher self-compassion and work engagement among EFL teachers: A serial mediation model. System, 125(July), 103433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103433




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32934/jmie.v10i1.895

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

View My Stats

Copyright © 2017, JMIE: Journal of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Education, p-ISSN: 2580-0868, e-ISSN: 2580-2739

 

Indexed By:

 Logo Google Scholar Logo Garuda Logo Crossref Logo Base  Logo Dimensions Logo Indonesia Onesearch